SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25456 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22540 abstracts
Showing 50 of 25456 papers
This article reviews the development of solenoid hammers, focusing on designs that differ in construction and in the means used to reverse striker motion. It compares direct-current, alternating-current, pulsating-current, switched, rectifier-fed, and switchless systems, including representative des…
This paper examines the selection of drilling machines and positioning mechanisms for driving horizontal workings in newly constructed Kuzbass mines. Drawing on domestic and foreign experience, equipment specifications, and test results under Kuzbass rock conditions, it evaluates pneumatic hammers, …
This paper reports the design and mine testing of prototype long-stroke feeders intended to support more powerful pneumatic drilling hammers and reduce auxiliary operations in blast-hole drilling. Three feeder schemes were developed and compared, a screw feeder, a piston feeder with a chain stroke d…
This paper examines the selection of drilling machine power and the number of machines to mount on drilling jumbos for driving horizontal haulage workings in strong rocks, using conditions in the Gornaya Shoriya mines as the main case. The authors derive and apply formulas relating blasthole drillin…
The article proposes criteria for evaluating machines used to drill blast holes in preparatory mine workings, arguing that quality cannot be judged by drilling speed or shift output alone. It develops formula-based measures for machine productivity, average time per hole, hourly drilled length, and …
This study examines how surface decarburization affects the resistance of quenched and tempered Steel 45 specimens to repeated bending impacts, a failure mode relevant to impact tools and machine parts whose surfaces may remain unmachined after heat treatment. Smooth and notched specimens were decar…
This paper examines the selection of steels, cast irons, hardness ranges, and strengthening treatments for components of pneumatic drilling hammers, where wear resistance must be balanced against impact and impact-fatigue failure. Drawing on data from more than twenty domestic and foreign hammer des…
This paper presents graphical nomograms intended to simplify engineering calculations for pneumatic drilling hammers, addressing the lack of readily substantiated design data for their principal dimensions and operating characteristics. Using empirical and theoretical relationships from recent inves…
This paper examines how feed force affects the operating regime and productivity of pneumatic impact rotary drilling hammers. Using the impulse theorem, it models the hammer as a two mass system, consisting of the body and striker piston, and decomposes the required feed force into components associ…
This study examines the relationship between the complex-forming ability of azo derivatives of p-aminosalicylic acid and their antitubercular activity. Using colorimetric measurements with copper, iron, and nickel salts, together with microbiological testing on the “Akademiya” strain, the authors co…
This paper analyzes the use of pneumatic supports with hand-held pneumatic drilling hammers, focusing on the feed forces needed to use hammer power efficiently without excessive physical effort by the driller. It develops calculation formulas and a nomogram relating optimal feed force, hammer and su…
This paper addresses the lack of standardization in Soviet pneumatic drilling hammers, which complicated both design selection and practical use under differing mining conditions. Drawing on experimental investigations of domestic and foreign hammers, the authors argue that optimal feed force, deter…
This paper presents an experimental investigation of the operating dynamics of the PM-508 pneumatic drilling hammer during drilling in hard hornfels. Using potentiometric displacement pickups, strain-gauge force and pressure sensors, and loop oscillograph recording, the authors simultaneously measur…
The paper examines design factors that increase the blow frequency and impact power of hand-held pneumatic drilling hammers. Drawing on experimental comparisons of several hammer types, it analyzes the effects of larger cylinder diameter, shorter piston stroke, lower piston weight per unit cylinder …
This paper examines efficiency as a technical criterion for pneumatic drilling hammers, contrasting it with the more common use of drilling rate or air consumption in comparative testing. Using simultaneous laboratory recordings of piston displacement and air pressure in the cylinder cavities, the a…
This paper experimentally investigates the working process of three pneumatic drilling hammers with annular spool valves, PM-508, PR-20, and BGM, under varying air pressures and feed forces during drilling in hard hornstone. Using stand tests and oscillographic measurements, it analyzes cylinder pre…
This paper examines the working process of hand-held pneumatic drilling hammers with butterfly-valve air distribution, using the PR-25l and RH-754 models as comparative cases. Experiments on a test stand measured cylinder pressures, piston motion, feed force, air pressure, drilling speed, impact ene…
This preface introduces a collection devoted to the study and improvement of drilling equipment for mining, construction, and building materials production. It outlines experimental and design work conducted at Tomsk Polytechnic Institute in cooperation with industrial plants and research institutes…
This study examines azo derivatives of isomeric aminosalicylic acids as compounds relevant to debates on the antitubercular action of p-aminosalicylic acid and the possible role of heavy-metal complex formation. Nineteen derivatives were synthesized by azo coupling, purified and analyzed, and their …
This study examines complex formation between polyheterocyclic amines containing two pyridine-type rings and phenolic compounds, using 4,4′-dipyridyl, 2,3′-diquinolyl, and 6,6′-diquinolyl as amine components. Complexes were prepared from alcoholic or benzene solutions, analyzed compositionally, and …
This paper examines the use of p-benzoquinone as a complex-forming reagent with predominantly electron-acceptor behavior and applies it to medicinal sulfanilamide derivatives. Twelve quinone, sulfamide systems were studied colorimetrically in alcohol and dioxane, with attention to solvent effects, l…
This paper examines complex formation by barbituric acid derivatives, focusing on luminal, veronal, and ethylisoamylbarbituric acid in binary systems with phenols, organic acids, amines, amides, and related medicinal compounds. Using thermal analysis of about ninety systems, the authors identify eut…
This paper examines how temperature affects complex formation in mixtures of aldehydes and ketones with phenols or acetic acid, addressing discrepancies that can arise when different physicochemical methods or conditions are used. Using an electrochemical method with sodium and platinum electrodes, …
The study examines the debated reactivity type of the carbonyl group in aldehydes and ketones through complex formation with reagents of differing electronic character. Five aldehydes and seven ketones were tested with carboxylic acids, amines, and nitro compounds using isolation and analysis of com…
This paper argues that the mutual influence of atoms in molecules involves two general mechanisms: electrical induction and a wave based conjugation effect. It reviews chemical examples in which conjugation shows periodicity, dependence on molecular geometry, and transmission over relatively long di…
This paper proposes and analyzes an ion frequency converter for supplying betatrons at increased frequencies, motivated by the stability of grid-powered betatron operation and the potential benefits of higher frequency excitation. The authors describe converter circuits without an inverter stage for…
This paper proposes and evaluates gamma-neutron logging, a radioactive borehole method in which high-energy gamma irradiation of rocks produces photoneutrons that are detected as thermal neutrons. The authors derive formulas for the expected thermal photoneutron flux and counting rate, then apply th…
This paper examines the use of an electron accelerator as a pulsed neutron generator for neutron logging in boreholes. It discusses two proposed methods: gamma logging based on gamma rays from inelastic scattering of fast neutrons, with attention to carbon detection and timing conditions that separa…
This paper examines the use of compact charged-particle accelerators as borehole generators of neutrons and gamma radiation for radioactive well logging. It argues that accelerators offer higher intensity, higher energy, controllable spectra, and pulsed operation compared with radioactive sources, e…
This paper examines the use of high-energy gamma-ray generators, especially betatrons, to improve gamma-gamma logging for determining the density and composition of rocks intersected by boreholes. Using analytical expressions for scattered gamma-ray intensity, penetration depth, scattering volume, a…
This paper presents a graphical method for the dynamic synthesis of planar cam mechanisms with translating cams and roller followers under a prescribed allowable pressure angle. Using a dimensionless velocity equation and an arm diagram derived from the follower motion law, the method determines adm…
This article describes a closed-loop test rig developed for testing gear pairs, reducers, and gearboxes under both constant and variable loads, with particular application to ER-5 mining electric-drill reducers. The rig applies load directly through the supports of a loading gearbox, using either a …
This paper examines how atmospheric pressure and temperature affect the determination of internal combustion engine power when an air brake, or moulinette, is used as the load device. It derives correction formulas linking moulinette power, engine power, rotational speed, and standard atmospheric co…
The paper addresses how to determine the discharge coefficient for air or mixture flow through the gap between a throttle plate and a pipe, a quantity needed in calculating pneumodynamic speed governors for carburetor engines. It critiques commonly used formulas for relying on incompressible assumpt…
This paper investigates whether boron atoms dissolved in iron exhibit a metallic, electropositive state and undergo electrotransfer under an electric field. Specimens of Armco iron and an Armco iron alloy containing 1.5 percent boron were heated for extended periods by direct or alternating current …
This paper critiques the classification of boron and similar additions in steel as surface-active components on the basis of liquid to vapor surface tension data. It argues that such data cannot be transferred to the solid to liquid phase boundary and that there is no direct evidence for boron formi…
This paper examines the mechanism by which small boron additions increase the hardenability of steel, addressing conflicting explanations based on adsorption and surface energy. Drawing on published experimental data and thermodynamic reasoning, it argues that boron preferentially concentrates in in…
The paper addresses the problem of predicting equivalent dangerous stress states for brittle materials, noting limitations of existing strength theories in accuracy, physical interpretation, and practical use. It extends the average strain criterion, previously applied to plastic materials, by assum…
This paper develops a geometric interpretation of the regularities governing elastic-plastic deformation under simple loading, using combined principal stress and strain spaces. It replaces the less visual notions of stress and strain intensity with resultant stress and deformation vectors whose mag…
This paper examines how to calculate the relative shear in metal cutting, treating cutting as a plastic deformation process close to simple shear with a small compressive component. Using measurements of distorted circular grids in copper chips, it compares existing shear formulas based on idealized…
This paper examines how strain rate varies during the cutting of ductile metal and argues that it should be evaluated from the rate of increase of true relative shear. Using low speed free planing experiments on copper specimens marked with microscopic circular impressions, the study reconstructs de…
This paper examines how cutting temperature depends on cutting speed, cutting fluid type, and the method of fluid supply during turning of annealed carbon steel 30 and bearing steel ShKh15 with carbide tools. Using a natural tool, workpiece thermocouple, force measurements, chip shrinkage data, and …
This paper examines how rock fracturing affects control of surrounding rocks during coal seam mining in the structurally complex Prokopyevsk district of Kuzbass. Based on observations of joint systems, lithology, bed thickness, tectonic stress, and mining behavior, it argues that roof and floor stab…
This paper examines the silicosis hazard of Kuzbass coal-bearing rocks and mine dust, focusing on the relation between free silicon dioxide in rocks and quartz content in respirable dust. It proposes a calculation method based on chemical analyses to estimate free silica in rocks of varied lithology…
This paper examines the concept of specific capacity of wells and argues that its conventional use is insufficiently defined for practical groundwater supply calculations. Using standard linear filtration formulas for perfect unconfined and artesian wells, it distinguishes specific capacity from the…
This article examines shortcomings in the regional processing of hydrogeological test data from coal-bearing areas and presents a statistical approach using materials from the Tom-Usa district of Kuzbass. It analyzes factors affecting well yields, including surface waters, tectonic disturbances, pum…
This paper examines the use of resistivity logging as an auxiliary method in hydrogeological investigations of the Kuznetsk Basin, where conventional drilling, pumping, and lithological interpretation often require costly work and yield averaged parameters. Drawing on borehole examples from Jurassic…
This paper proposes graphical methods for processing and presenting hydrogeological observations from exploratory boreholes and mine workings, using examples from Kuzbass and the Anzhero-Sudzhensk district. It describes lithologic and stratigraphic graphs that integrate discharge, groundwater levels…
This paper examines the feasibility and hydrogeological risks of mining coal reserves in the Belovo deposit of Kuzbass beneath the Bachat River valley, where substantial reserves had been left unworked because of water-bearing alluvium, flooding, and shallow seam occurrence. Using hydrogeological ob…
This paper discusses methods developed in the Kuzbass for determining the gas content of coal seams as a basis for forecasting mine gas abundance during deeper mining and new mine construction. It describes the design and operation of the VK-54 core-freezing tube and the KGN-2-56 core gas sampler, s…
