SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 25357 papers
This article examines the relationship between worldview and social activity, treating activity as goal-directed action regulated by value-normative mechanisms. It argues that worldview functions as a stable regulator of individual and collective conduct, shaping the interpretation of needs, goals, …
This article examines the interrelation of worldview, science, and art within the ideological framework of Soviet communist construction after the Twenty-Fourth Congress of the CPSU. It argues that a Marxist-Leninist worldview functions as a methodological basis for both scientific and artistic crea…
This paper examines whether philosophical knowledge can be systematically organized in a form capable of supporting a scientific worldview. It criticizes three one-sided approaches: logical dilettantism, which relies on empirically formed and logically imprecise notions, alogism, which denies the lo…
This article describes an experimental cycle system introduced at Tomsk Polytechnic Institute for training engineers as organizers and managers of industrial production. It outlines the rationale for combining technical education with organizational, economic, psychological, legal, and management tr…
This paper examines how metrics on permutation spaces affect statistical search for optimal schedules in discrete production scheduling problems. It formulates schedules as sets of permutations and introduces the notion of statistical continuity, defined through decreasing variance of the objective …
The paper examines how auxiliary operations performed by or related to the drive of drilling machines affect overall drilling productivity. It formulates productivity as a function of drilling time and auxiliary time, classifies auxiliary operations by their dependence on the drive, and proposes the…
This paper outlines a methodology for estimating Western Siberia’s demand for quartz sands, molding and construction sands, kaolin, and refractory clays from the Tugansk deposit. It argues that demand assessment should be based on balance planning, combining short-term direct calculations from produ…
This paper examines the allocation of equipment maintenance and operation costs in product costing at the Tomsk Rubber Footwear Factory, criticizing distribution in proportion to production workers’ wages as insufficiently justified. It describes the introduction of a machine-hour coefficient method…
The paper examines the intensification of enterprise operations in the context of scientific and technological progress, emphasizing that production growth increasingly depends on the development and introduction of genuinely new technology. It argues that enterprises require stronger internal resea…
This paper compares the economic efficiency of radiation methods for nondestructive quality control of welded vessel seams with wall thicknesses from 10 to 400 mm. It evaluates X-radiography, gammagraphy, betatron radiography, radiometry, and combined inspection schemes using calculated productivity…
This paper evaluates the economic justification for introducing a radiation monitoring and automated cutting system to determine the hot-top portion of blooming-mill stock at the Izhevsk Metallurgical Plant. It describes how more accurate detection of shrinkage cavities, avoidance of remelting off-g…
The article examines the need to improve the economic training of enterprise management personnel in the context of more scientifically grounded managerial decision-making. Drawing on data from the Tomsk Cutting Tools Plant, it argues that many managers lack specialized economic education and that e…
This paper examines how to select the number and productivity of ripping and excavating machines used together in winter excavation of frozen soils. It develops calculation schemes for sequential and parallel-sequential operations, relating set productivity to machine productivities, work volume, re…
This paper develops a methodology for selecting economically advantageous implementations of static converter circuits under varying production and operating conditions. It formulates annual reduced costs as the optimization criterion, combining capital investment estimates based on element prices a…
This paper addresses structural analysis of schematic diagrams of computing devices when typical module combinations are not known in advance. It defines stable combinations as recurring, functionally interconnected module structures and formulates their selection from decomposed circuit graphs unde…
The paper addresses the problem of ranking flows of parts and assemblies between departments of an instrument-making enterprise with a large parts nomenclature. It represents interdepartmental flows as directed graphs, defines dominance relations among flow arcs according to the technological sequen…
This paper formulates an optimal control approach for a class of queueing systems in which the service discipline is selected according to an unobserved random parameter of the request flow. Using monitored auxiliary data, conditional probabilities are computed and statistical simulation is used to …
The paper addresses the comparison and ranking of complex technical or organizational objects when no single efficiency criterion is adequate and evaluation must rely on multiple weighted local indicators. It proposes a simple algorithm that normalizes each criterion by measuring its relative deviat…
The paper examines the use of quantitative indicators for analyzing and managing the activities of universities and their subdivisions. It argues that, despite the qualitative and uncertain character of educational processes, professionally grounded indicator systems can make evaluation more objecti…
The paper addresses the formation of a unified set of blocks for computing-device circuits from a matrix describing the frequencies of typical structures in analyzed circuits. It critiques earlier compatibility-matrix methods as insufficiently tied to the original data, especially for small samples,…
The paper addresses structural analysis of functional diagrams of computing devices as part of the broader problem of unifying device design through standardized blocks. It represents circuits as graphs and proposes methods for forming and evaluating repeated substructures when no prior list of typi…
This paper proposes a modification of dynamic programming for finite-dimensional discrete extremal problems, including separable nonlinear objectives and discretized optimal-trajectory problems representable as shortest-path searches in layered graphs. The authors incorporate branch-and-bound ideas …
This paper examines how to determine economically justified timing for renewal of machinery under conditions of rapid technological progress and obsolescence. It critiques static efficiency measures based on annual reduced costs and depreciation charges, arguing through numerical comparisons that th…
This paper develops a techno-economic optimization methodology for radiometric nondestructive testing systems using electron accelerator bremsstrahlung, with emphasis on betatron-based flaw detectors. It formulates mathematical models linking defect detectability, collimator and integrator parameter…
The paper addresses the selection of preventive test voltages for Monolith-2 turn insulation in stator windings of large electric machines before impregnation. It reports power-frequency and impulse breakdown tests on coil specimens with several glass-mica and glass-tape insulation constructions, th…
This paper addresses the discrepancy between calculated and actual widths of the sparkless commutation zone in direct-current machines, emphasizing that idealized calculations neglect technological tolerances and mechanical effects in the commutator-brush contact. It proposes a statistical method ba…
This paper analyzes the output voltage harmonics of modulation machine valve autonomous power sources intended to produce stabilized sinusoidal frequency under variable generator speed. Using a single phase synchronous generator with rotor-side excitation and a two half-period thyristor reversible r…
The paper examines the efficiency of a modulation converter used in autonomous stable-frequency sources that employ preliminary amplitude modulation in a synchronous generator. It develops expressions for converter efficiency as the product of the efficiencies of the generator, rectifier, and filter…
This paper reports experimental investigations of low-power DC motors with valve-mechanical commutation operating under field-weakening speed control ranges of 1:6 and 1:8. The authors examine commutation adjustment, sparkless-operation zones, speed characteristics, collector voltage conditions, ope…
This paper develops a calculation method for durability characteristics of commutators in low-power DC machines, focusing on service life and gamma-percent service life under wear caused by commutation sparking. The method models electro-spark erosion of commutator bars through a wear-rate expressio…
The paper describes an instrument for objective measurement of sparking intensity at the commutator of direct current machines, addressing the limitations of visual assessment and methods based on averaging discharge parameters over all commutator segments. The proposed method measures voltage pulse…
This paper examines the objectivity of visual and instrumental assessment of sparking on commutators, arguing that average integral measures of discharge signals do not adequately reflect either visual perception or electroerosive wear. Using oscillographic measurements of voltage pulses at the trai…
This paper examines the statistical characteristics of commutator sparking in P-series electrical machines for use in estimating commutator service life under electro-spark erosion. Using service-life test observations from 23 machines of frame sizes 1 to 6 operated at rated load, the authors proces…
This paper analyzes the operating characteristics of synchronous reluctance motors supplied from a variable-frequency network, focusing on how frequency, load torque, and voltage regulation affect current, efficiency, power factor, losses, and load angle. The authors derive calculation formulas in r…
This paper examines frequency and voltage control of induction motors operated according to a criterion of minimum annualized costs, with particular attention to thermal constraints and permissible speed range. It derives and applies slip control laws that include economic factors, motor equivalent-…
This paper examines the switching-off response of asynchronous electric motors equipped with built-in spring brakes and brake electromagnets supplied through rectifiers from the stator winding. It analyzes how different rectifier connection schemes affect electromagnet release time, emphasizing the …
This paper presents an experimental investigation of electromechanical transients in asynchronous self-braking electric motors with electromagnetic inserts, focusing on starting, stopping, and brake operation under varying flywheel masses, load torques, and spring-produced braking torques. Using osc…
This paper analyzes the synchronous steady-state operation of a synchronous reluctance reduction motor equipped with a short-circuited rotor winding used for starting. Starting from voltage-balance equations that include stator and rotor circuits, it derives expressions for winding currents and elec…
This paper examines the use of a short-circuited rotor winding as a starting device for synchronous reluctance reduction motors, addressing the difficulty of achieving reliable starting without disconnecting auxiliary equipment in synchronous operation. The authors formulate a differential-equation …
This paper proposes the use of Pareto analysis to identify and prioritize losses from defects in the manufacture of asynchronous motors. Using control test results for 40,000 AO2-series motor windings and defect cards containing repair and rejection costs, the authors rank defect types by frequency …
This paper examines the temperature distribution of asynchronous motor windings under random load conditions typical of metal-cutting equipment. Treating the motor as a linear inertial dynamic system, the authors experimentally simulated exponentially distributed load currents with specified autocor…
The paper presents a thermal calculation method for oil-filled electrohydraulic thrusters based on equivalent thermal circuits. It models the stator winding, rotor assembly, oil, motor frame, and hydraulic-thruster housing as interconnected heat-generating or heat-transferring bodies, and derives co…
This paper examines the heating of induction motors operating in intermittent duty with frequent starts, a regime for which existing thermal calculation methods were considered either inaccurate or impractical. The authors describe a low-inertia experimental test installation using a friction brake …
This paper investigates heat transfer from finned sections of electric motor housings as a means of limiting temperature rise in higher power machines of fixed frame size. A flat model segment corresponding to one sixth of the circumference of a 4A-series motor housing was tested with longitudinal f…
This paper reports an experimental study of the alternating magnetic field component in the air gap of a loaded DC motor with a toothed, skewed armature. Using a G-40 motor and e.m.f. measuring sensors placed across pole shoes and along their leading and trailing edges, the authors measured flux pul…
This paper examines how the air gap under the main poles of a direct current machine should be selected when vibroacoustic performance is considered alongside electrical characteristics and mechanical reliability. Using known relations for tooth pulsations of the magnetic field and magnetic attracti…
This paper examines the static accuracy of an electric-machine equivalent used to reproduce the volt-ampere characteristics of autonomous power generators, with particular attention to photovoltaic-converter sources. It derives relations between open-loop gain and reproduction error for a nonlinear …
This paper analyzes how conductive electromagnetic shields affect the leakage inductance and magnetic-field shielding of stator end windings in a pulse generator. Using a simplified rectangular model of the end region, the author formulates the electromagnetic field in terms of vector potential, rep…
The paper examines how inductive load parameters affect the design of the stator tooth zone in a shock generator, where rotor kinetic energy is converted into electromagnetic energy during a current pulse. It derives a load coefficient relating delivered load energy to sudden short circuit energy, s…
This paper develops an approximate analytical solution for electromagnetic transients in a single-phase synchronous pulse generator, whose asymmetric operating conditions lead to differential equations with periodic coefficients. The authors formulate the equations in terms of flux linkages, apply a…
