SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 25357 papers
This paper analyzes the dynamics of a brake electric motor equipped with an electromagnetic brake using a mechanical amplifier formed by beveled washers and balls. It derives expressions for the brake amplification coefficient, the critical bevel angle at which jamming occurs, and the time intervals…
The paper addresses the magnetic circuit calculation of self-braking electric motors in which electromagnetic inserts are released by the motor’s own stator magnetic field rather than by a separate brake winding. Using an equivalent magnetic circuit, the authors analyze a prototype based on a 4A132M…
This paper analyzes how shared supply circuits for an induction motor and its spring-brake release electromagnet disturb the electrical symmetry of stator circuits in brake electric motors. Using voltage-balance equations transformed to fixed orthogonal axes, the authors examine several connection s…
This paper examines how rotor geometry affects the performance of synchronous reluctance motors designed on the basis of induction motor stators. It reviews the influence of pole arc, air gap, additional nonmagnetic slots, and starting winding slots, then develops a calculation procedure for selecti…
This paper examines how a squirrel-cage rotor winding in an induction motor can be replaced by an equivalent two-phase rotor winding for transient analysis when individual bar currents are not required. Using equality of the fundamental harmonic magnetomotive forces and preserving energy relations, …
This paper presents a compositional and physicochemical characterization of oils from three producing wells of the Sosninsko-Sovetsko-Medvedevskoye field in Tomsk Oblast. Using standard measurements of elemental composition, fractional distillation, density, viscosity, pour point, vapor pressure, pa…
This paper investigates the conversion of hydrolysis lignin and chlorinated, nitrated, and chloronitrated derivatives into oximes and their subsequent reaction with O,O-dialkyl chlorothiophosphates. Oximes were prepared from carbonyl-containing lignin materials, transformed into potassium salts, and…
This study examines phosphorylation reactions of lignin model compounds as a means of clarifying transformations that may occur in lignin structural units and identifying features associated with insecticidal activity. Guaiacol, ethyl vanillate, and 1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)propanol-1 were react…
This paper reports the synthesis and preliminary biological evaluation of semicarbazones derived from 2'-formylbiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid and several of its esters as potential bactericidal agents. The compounds were prepared by reacting the acid or ester substrates with semicarbazide hydrochloride …
High-frequency titration is examined as a method for separately determining fluorenecarboxylic, sulfuric, and nitric acids in a single mixture. Using a TV-6L1 high-frequency titrator, sulfuric and nitric acids were titrated directly with aqueous potassium hydroxide, while fluorenecarboxylic acid was…
The study examines the direct iodination of the three xylene isomers using a sulfuric and nitric acid mixture as an inexpensive oxidizing medium. Building on earlier work with aromatic iodination, the authors describe a controlled procedure in glacial acetic acid with iodine, sulfuric acid, and grad…
This paper reports the preparation of two previously undescribed glyoxal derivatives, biphenyl-2,2′-diglyoxal dihydrate and 4-iodobiphenyl-2,2′-diglyoxal dihydrate, as compounds intended for subsequent study of physiological properties. The noniodinated compound was synthesized by selenium dioxide o…
This paper reports the synthesis of new acyl derivatives of 1-phenyl-2,3-dimethyl-4-hydroxyacetylamino-5-pyrazolone, motivated by evidence that oxyacetyl groups and selected acid residues can enhance anti-inflammatory activity in related compounds. The derivatives were prepared chiefly by reacting 4…
This study reports the synthesis of pyrazolone monoazo dyes using 4-methyl-4-(4'-aminobenzoyl)-aminoantipyrine as the diazo component. The compound was diazotized with sodium nitrite in hydrochloric acid at low temperature and coupled with various azo components under acidic, alkaline, or acetic-aci…
The study examines acid hydrolysis of several acyl derivatives of N-alkylantipyrylamides to test previously proposed relationships between structure, hydrolytic cleavage, and physiological activity. Hydrolysis was measured in 0.1 N hydrochloric acid at 99°C, with products quantified colorimetrically…
This paper reports the synthesis of five previously undescribed N-methylantipyrylamides derived from toluic and hydroxybenzoic acids as part of a continuing investigation of substituent effects on the pharmacological activity of substituted benzoic acid antipyrylamides. Toluic acid derivatives were …
This paper describes the preparation of 4-aminotolipyrine as an intermediate for synthesizing acyl derivatives with possible anti-inflammatory activity, motivated by earlier pharmacological results for related 4-aminoantipyrine compounds and by the potential effect of methyl substitution on toxicity…
The paper addresses the preparation of N,N'-alkylacylureas, a class containing physiologically active compounds, and reviews limitations of existing routes based on Hofmann rearrangement, isocyanates, acid chlorides, or esters. It proposes a one-stage acylation of N-alkylureas with carboxylic acids …
This study describes the synthesis and preliminary pharmacological evaluation of N-arylalkyl-N′-acylurea derivatives designed as analogs of previously studied anticonvulsant ureas. α-Phenylethylurea was prepared by condensation of α-phenylethylamine with nitrourea, then acylated with fatty acids in …
The study examines the acid decomposition of phenanthrene dimethoxy peroxide in polar media, a process not previously described in contrast to known base-promoted cleavage reactions. The authors propose a heterolytic, acid-catalyzed mechanism involving protonation of the peroxide oxygen, carbocation…
This paper addresses analysis of technical phenanthrene and its purification before ozonation, where knowledge of phenanthrene, anthracene, and carbazole contents is needed to calculate product yields and reaction duration. The authors modify the Khmelevskii and Levin chemical method by replacing gl…
This study examines intermolecular complex formation between synthesized barbituric acid derivatives and nitrophenols, with emphasis on how barbiturate structure affects interaction strength. Electronic absorption spectroscopy in methanol and 96 percent ethanol was used to analyze complexes with p-n…
The paper reports infrared spectra for a series of acyl and acyl-N-methyl derivatives of 4-aminoantipyrine, a class for which the authors found no prior spectral data. Using a two-beam UR-10 spectrophotometer with samples suspended in vaseline oil, the study tabulates characteristic absorption bands…
This study examines intermolecular complex formation between alkylated acetamides or glycinamides and nitrophenols in butyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and chloroform. Ultraviolet spectroscopy was used to detect spectral changes and calculate equilibrium constants by the Ketelaar and Nagakura methods…
This study examines intermolecular complex formation between urea, selected N-alkyl and N-acyl urea derivatives, and 2,6-dibromo-4-nitrophenol in anhydrous methanol using ultraviolet spectrophotometry. Changes in the electronic spectra, especially decreased absorption near 300 nm and increased absor…
This study examines the preparation of 3-monoacetic and 3,6-diacetic acids of carbazole and several 9-alkyl-substituted carbazoles from the corresponding amides and diamides. Because alcoholic alkaline saponification gave poor results owing to low solubility, prolonged heating, and resin formation, …
This study examines the synthesis of 9-ethanolcarbazoles using ethylene chlorohydrin as a hydroxyethylating reagent, with the aim of improving a previously slow and low-yielding route to 9-(β-hydroxy)ethylcarbazole and extending it to halogen-substituted carbazoles. The authors propose carrying out …
This study examines the synthesis of mono- and diacetamides of carbazole and 9-alkylcarbazole derivatives as intermediates relevant to carbazolylacetic acid chemistry. Using acetyl-substituted carbazoles as starting materials, the authors investigated the effects of temperature, reaction time, sulfu…
This study examines the structure of a previously undescribed dichlorocarbazole isomer with melting point 111 to 113°C, formed in minor amount during chlorination of carbazole with sulfuryl chloride. The authors compare its formation in the chlorination of 3-chlorocarbazole, its melting behavior, an…
This study examines routes for converting 9-ethanolcarbazoles into 9-carbazolylacetic acids, compounds of interest as potential biologically active substances and synthetic intermediates. The authors tested oxidation with potassium permanganate, nitric acid, and alkaline fusion in the presence of se…
The study applies the simple LCAO molecular orbital method to carbazole and a series of 9-substituted carbazoles in order to estimate reactivity indices relevant to electrophilic substitution. By selecting nitrogen and adjacent carbon parameters that account for inductive effects, the calculations r…
This study examines how external operating conditions affect the selectivity of organic compound synthesis from carbon monoxide and water vapor over cobalt, thorium and iron, copper catalysts. Using kinetic considerations, activation energy estimates, and experimental variation of temperature, conta…
This paper reports a 1965 field experiment on light gray forest soil assessing how peat based organo-mineral granular fertilizers and mineral NPK affected nutrient dynamics and biological activity during a dry growing season. Soil samples from the arable layer were analyzed on four dates for moistur…
The paper evaluates peat ore fuel smelting briquettes as a potential blast furnace burden material using comparative trials in the IMET laboratory shaft furnace. Standard coke, ore, and limestone smelting was compared with an experimental burden containing fuel smelting material, fluxes, and supplem…
This study characterizes tar produced during semicoking of peat fuel-smelting materials composed of Tagan peat and iron-ore concentrate, with the aim of assessing its potential technological use. The authors determine physicochemical properties, group and fractional composition, and the characterist…
This study characterizes tar deposits formed during experimental blast-furnace smelting of peat based fuel-smelting materials with iron-ore concentrate. The deposits were ground, solvent-extracted, fractionally distilled, and analyzed for group composition, with light neutral oils and phenols examin…
This study examines how the botanical and group composition of peat affects its thermal decomposition during pyrolysis. Using derivatography in a purified nitrogen atmosphere, the authors analyzed peats from the Vasyugan deposit and separated components including bitumens, humic acids, water-soluble…
This study examines preliminary thermal treatment, or bertination, of Itat brown coal under rapid heating as a means of improving products from subsequent thermal processing. Dried coal of 200 to 250 micrometers was treated in a rapid heating apparatus at 220, 280, and 340°C, with product yields, ga…
This study examines whether increased briquetting pressure can reduce the holding time required to obtain strong peat thermobriquettes. Air-dry peat from the Tagan bog in Tomsk Oblast was thermobriquetted while varying holding time from 0 to 120 seconds and pressure from 100 to 700 kg/cm², followed …
This paper addresses the determination of kinetic parameters for the thermal decomposition of solid fuels under nonisothermal heating, where temperature dependent rate constants complicate direct integration of kinetic equations. It reviews limitations of existing derivatographic approaches based on…
This paper reports the fractional composition and selected physicochemical properties of crude oil from the Sosninsko-Sovetsko-Medvedevskoye field in Tomsk Oblast, with emphasis on evaluating potential yields of light and lubricating distillates. The crude oil was subjected to atmospheric-vacuum rec…
This study evaluates the potential yield and quality of commercial petroleum products obtainable from crude oil of the Sovetsko-Sosninsko-Medvedevskoye field in Tomsk Oblast. The oil was fractionated by direct distillation using the ARN-2 method, and the resulting gasoline, jet fuel, kerosene, diese…
This study characterizes gas condensates from the Ust-Silga and Myldzhino fields in Tomsk Oblast using physicochemical measurements, fractional distillation, gas chromatography of dissolved gases, and group hydrocarbon analysis of gasoline-range fractions. Both condensates are light, essentially sul…
This study examines the determination of light gases dissolved in crude oils from several Tomsk Oblast fields using gas-liquid chromatography. The authors evaluate conditions based on an existing VNII petroleum-industry method, find inadequate separation of butane and pentane isomers under the presc…
This study examines the hydrocarbon composition of straight-run gasoline fractions from Tomsk crude oil from well No. 18 of the Sosninsko-Sovetsko-Medvedevskoye field. Fractions obtained by distillation were analyzed for group composition by the aniline-point method after removal of aromatics on sil…
This paper examines the group hydrocarbon composition of kerosene, gas oil, and higher boiling oil fractions from Tomsk crude oil from well 18 of the Sosninsko-Sovetsko-Medvedevskoe field. Fifty degree distillation fractions boiling above 200°C were separated by adsorption chromatography on silica g…
This paper proposes a generalized efficiency factor for assessing how macrokinetic factors such as pressure, temperature, porosity, diffusion, and heat or mass transfer affect the rate of heterogeneous reactions. Extending the narrower Thiele concept, the authors derive a graphical and analytical me…
This study examines surface flashover strength in vacuum for freshly cleaved alkali halide single crystals under constant voltage, using spherical steel electrodes in contact with the dielectric surface. Experiments on NaCl, KCl, KBr, and KI measured breakdown voltage as a function of discharge numb…
This paper investigates the low-temperature elastic behavior of sodium chloride single crystals as part of a systematic study of alkali-metal halides. Using a pulsed ultrasonic relative-measurement method, the authors measured longitudinal and transverse sound velocities in natural and artificially …
This paper summarizes theoretical and experimental studies of rod-type electrostatic generators with charge carriers embedded in a dielectric rotor. It discusses calculation of generator characteristics using electrostatic equations with partial capacitances, experimental verification in air and com…
