SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25456 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22540 abstracts
Showing 50 of 25456 papers
This article addresses the engineering problem of selecting shaft sites for opening a suite of mineral deposits, with attention to minimizing construction and operating burdens while preserving safety and productivity. It develops analytical and graphical procedures for locating a vertical shaft acr…
This article examines freezing and malfunction in automatic railway brake systems caused by moisture condensation when compressed air from the main reservoir enters colder brake lines. Using psychrometric calculations and laboratory tests, the authors evaluate air drying methods and focus on silica …
This study examines ternary complex compounds formed by hydroquinonequinoline and resorcinolquinoline with mineral salts, with the aim of obtaining poorly soluble complexes of possible analytical or practical interest. The authors prepared complexes by mixing alcoholic or ethereal solutions of the o…
This study reports plant observations on factors affecting striation in Fourcault sheet glass production at the Belyi Bychek glassworks. Over two months, glass samples were taken across machine ribbons and compared with operating conditions, including boat wear, machine start-up preparation, machine…
This study examines whether differences in oxidizability can aid the separation or identification of components in technical pyridine base mixtures, which contain both pyridine group compounds and aromatic amines. The authors measured the consumption of active oxygen during oxidation by potassium pe…
The paper investigates salt formation and related interactions between selected aliphatic, aromatic, and heterocyclic amines and fatty carboxylic acids. Tronov and Kulev apply their method of measuring the apparent electromotive force of reaction with sodium, using mixtures with and without benzene,…
This paper develops an electromotive force method for analyzing carboxylic acids that are not readily accessible by earlier sodium electrode measurements in benzene. Using a modified apparatus with a platinum crucible and rods of zinc, iron, tin, lead, and copper, the study measures reproducible pot…
This paper addresses the practical problem of hermetically sealing simple and compound thermoelements made from very thin copper and constantan wires for calorimetric gas experiments at pressures up to 150 atm and temperatures down to that of liquid air. A series of fusible and nonfusible insulating…
This paper calculates differential molar heats of dissolution for 23 gases in water at a partial pressure of 1 atm over temperatures from 0 to 100°C, using published solubility data and the thermodynamics of ideal dilute solutions. Because plots of logarithmic mole fraction against reciprocal temper…
This study examines selective catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide in nitrogen and hydrogen mixtures as a potential route for purifying synthesis gas used in ammonia production. Using a dynamic, nearly isothermal apparatus, the authors measured the activity of two-component hopca…
This study extends earlier work on zinc and copper sulfide methanol decomposition catalysts by examining high copper sulfide compositions prepared by mechanical mixing and catalysts of 96 percent zinc sulfide and 4 percent copper sulfide prepared by coprecipitation from nitrate solutions of differen…
This study extends an earlier investigation of zinc and copper sulfide methanol catalysts to systems initially containing 20 to 70 percent copper sulfide. Catalysts prepared from precipitated ZnS and CuS were reduced in methanol vapor and tested for methanol decomposition over 250 to 425°C at space …
This study examines zinc, copper, and mixed zinc-copper sulfide catalysts as possible low-temperature methanol catalysts, using methanol decomposition as a comparative test reaction for catalytic activity. Catalysts prepared from precipitated sulfides were reduced in methanol vapor and tested dynami…
This article examines the operation of electrical insulating materials and oil-filled apparatus under severe low-temperature conditions relevant to northern and eastern industrial regions. Drawing on laboratory measurements of transformer oils, solid dielectrics, transformers, and oil circuit breake…
This paper develops a nomographic method for calculating transient heating and cooling of homogeneous solid bodies using Fourier and Biot similarity criteria. Building on standard nonstationary heat conduction theory, it derives dimensionless relations for the degree of heating uniformity and temper…
This article examines the use of semi-producer gas fireboxes for heating furnaces in the refractory industry, comparing them with complete-combustion fireboxes and gas producers in terms of heat transfer, gas properties, and operating suitability. It critiques conventional algebraic calculations of …
This paper develops a practical method for estimating losses in the AT-3 welding transformer under transient switching conditions. It reviews analytical representations of magnetization curves, adopts Ollendorff’s hyperbolic-sine approximation for saturated iron, and uses Simpson’s rule to compute i…
The paper presents a graphical method for determining low-order Fourier components of periodic curves by approximating a given curve with a polygonal line and decomposing it into triangular elements. It derives expressions for the sine and cosine harmonic coefficients of a triangular periodic segmen…
This paper examines practical methods for measuring power factor in electrical installations under operating conditions, where conventional wattmeter, phase meter, and multi-instrument methods are often inconvenient, costly, or difficult to connect without interrupting service. It develops the theor…
This paper systematizes the theory and construction of circular, or pie, diagrams for alternating-current circuits whose currents or voltages depend on a single complex parameter through a linear fractional expression. It derives the condition for such loci to be circular, namely constancy of the pa…
This paper analyzes transient starting and reversing modes of induction motor drives equipped with electromagnetic friction clutches. It formulates equations of motion for the motor shaft and clutch-driven shaft during clutch slip and after rigid engagement, using a linearized induction motor torque…
The paper addresses the difficulty of using the Kloss torque, slip characteristic in differential equations for three-phase induction motor drives under repeatedly short-time loading without starting regimes. It proposes replacing the working portion of the actual characteristic, up to about 0.9 of …
The paper presents a procedure for the thermal calculation of a Velox boiler, emphasizing the need to coordinate gas turbine output, compressor power, and any supplementary drive power. It derives balance and efficiency relations for fuel consumption and additional power, then combines these with te…
This paper examines sources of measurement error in the standard Orsat gas analysis apparatus, especially the effect of manifold dead volume on determinations of constituents such as carbon dioxide, oxygen, carbon monoxide, and heavy hydrocarbons. It argues that the usual apparatus cannot reliably a…
This paper presents a graphical method for calculating the thermal process of a steam boiler on the gas side in enthalpy, temperature coordinates. Starting from heat balance relations for convective heating surfaces and the whole boiler installation, it constructs curves of gas heat content as funct…
The paper proposes using one phase conductor of a high-voltage transmission line as the lightning-protection conductor, instead of installing separate shield wires, arresters, or other special devices. It examines the variant in which this phase is permanently grounded, drawing on experience with tw…
This paper develops a direct extension of the Adams-Störmer numerical integration method for higher order ordinary differential equations, especially equations of the form y to the mth derivative equals f(x,y). Instead of first reducing such equations to systems of first or second order equations, t…
This study determines the external coefficient of friction of metal deposited by electric arc welding against cast iron, steel, bronze, and similarly deposited metal. Using a modified Yakobi apparatus, the author measured static friction at the onset of motion and sliding friction under dry laborato…
This paper presents an experimental profilograph for measuring machined surface roughness by intermittent probing rather than continuous sliding contact. The instrument periodically lowers a needle onto the surface, optically records each profile point on film while the mechanism is static, and auto…
This study investigates the forces, torque, and power required in cylindrical and face milling under varying cutting conditions for a broad set of steels, cast irons, and bronze. It combines extensive dynamic milling tests with mechanical, chemical, hardness, heat-treatment, and metallographic chara…
This paper examines load nonuniformity in rough milling as a factor limiting productivity, since thicker chips can reduce specific cutting work but may also increase peak forces and torques in the machine drive. It develops a coefficient of nonuniformity, defined as the ratio of maximum to average c…
This paper reexamines the mechanics of free metal cutting with an inclined cutting edge, focusing on chip motion, effective cutting angle, shrinkage, friction, and the forces acting on straight and helical cutting blades. It challenges the prevailing interpretation associated with Sellergren, Glebov…
This paper examines whether the web stability of welded I-beams should be treated differently from that of riveted I-beams because welded stiffeners may provide stronger edge restraint. It compares simply supported and clamped rectangular plate models under bending-related normal stresses, shear, an…
Review of the book: H. Bruining. On the emission of secondary electrons by solids.
Since the presence of neutrinos cannot be detected by ionization effects, which serve to detect other elementary particles (as well as $\gamma$-rays), the only method here is the use of certain nuclear reactions.
The main area of practical applications of electron multipliers is the region of moderate primary electron fluxes, in which, as we have seen above, these devices cannot be used successfully without the development of more stable emitters. Therefore, we regard the problem of emitters as the central p…
