SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 25357 papers
This study examines silicate formation during melting of glass batches designed to yield a diopside crystalline phase, comparing compositions based on natural tremolite with those prepared from pure oxides. Using X-ray phase analysis, thermogravimetry, and differential thermal analysis, the authors …
The reaction of 4-hydroxydiphenylamine with vinyl acetate was investigated as a route to vinyl-containing oligomers, using mercury acetate and sulfuric acid as catalysts. Conversions of amino and hydroxyl groups were evaluated from nitrosation measurements and vinyl acetate conversion, and the effec…
This study examines the Fries-Rosemund type rearrangement of N-acetyldiphenylamine, a reaction previously reported not to proceed under common acidic catalysts. The authors tested equimolar aluminum chloride and hydrogen chloride in several organic solvents under varied conditions and found that an …
The study examines the reaction of carbazole with acetaldehyde and propionaldehyde under dehydrating or acidic conditions, where the expected aminal or enamine products are not formed. Instead, the reactions give previously undescribed dicarbazolyl dialkyl ethers in moderate to high yields, whose st…
This study examines how benzylamine affects electrode processes involving cadmium, copper, zinc, and lead ions in sodium sulfate solution. Benzylamine adsorption on mercury was characterized by electrocapillary measurements, and its influence was tested using anodic and cathodic polarographic waves …
The study examines how adsorbed beta-naphthol films affect the kinetic parameters of the cadmium discharge and ionization reaction at an amalgam dropping electrode. Using Faradaic impedance measurements in neutral sodium sulfate and acidic sulfuric acid supporting electrolytes, the authors determine…
This study examines the adsorption of beta-naphthol on a mercury electrode from a neutral 0.1 N sodium sulfate solution, motivated by the role of aromatic surface-active substances in electrode kinetics and molecular reorientation at interfaces. Using differential-capacitance measurements at a dropp…
This study examines how finely dispersed iron oxides affect the porous and crystalline structure of peat coke formed during pyrolysis. Peat and peat, ore moldings containing iron oxide were coked under controlled laboratory conditions, then analyzed by mercury porosimetry and X-ray diffraction after…
A procedure is described for determining trace zinc, cadmium, lead, copper, and bismuth in alkali metal niobates and tantalates, as well as niobium and tantalum pentoxides, where direct amalgam polarographic analysis is hindered by hydrolysis and residual currents from the major components. The meth…
This study examines steatite ceramic compositions intended for high-voltage devices, particularly electrostatic generators requiring dielectric materials with controlled volume resistivity. The authors modified talc-based ceramic batches by changing the glass-phase composition, replacing barium oxid…
This study examines heterogeneous pyrolysis of straight-run gasoline obtained from Samotlor crude oil as a route to gaseous unsaturated hydrocarbons. Experiments were conducted in a flow reactor with a fixed bed of iron oxide catalyst, and pyrolysis gases were analyzed chromatographically to determi…
The study examines pyrolysis of the initial boiling point to 180°C gasoline fraction from North-Silginsky gas condensate as a feedstock for producing lower olefins, particularly ethylene. Using a flow reactor and simplex planning of extremal experiments, the authors determined an ethylene-oriented r…
This paper reports the preparation and preliminary characterization of phenyliodoso-N-acetyl-alpha-aminobutyrate, presented as a previously undescribed representative of phenyliodosocarboxylates containing an acylated aliphatic amino acid residue. The compound was synthesized from phenyliodosoacetat…
A photometric method is described for determining 3-nitrocarbazole in mixtures with its 9-substituted derivatives, based on acid-type ionization in alkaline medium to form an anion absorbing in the visible region. Calibration solutions containing potassium hydroxide, acetone, and ethanol were measur…
This paper addresses how mutual influence among jointly deposited elements affects anodic current equations in accumulation polarographic methods for multicomponent systems. Building on a semiempirical treatment of the effect at the accumulation stage, it introduces the relative degree of depletion …
This study examines the determination of microconcentrations of tungsten(VI) by stripping film polarography with preliminary accumulation on a graphite electrode, addressing limitations of mercury electrodes for tungsten reduction. Using ammonium chloride background electrolyte at pH 7, the authors …
This paper addresses oxygen removal as a limiting factor in increasing the sensitivity of stripping and film polarographic analysis. The authors propose and test a vacuum cell in which solutions are stirred magnetically while air is evacuated to about 1 to 2 mm Hg, comparing this procedure with conv…
This study examines the determination of microquantities of molybdenum(VI) by stripping polarography using simpler supporting electrolytes than previously reported. Experiments with a graphite electrode in ammonium sulfate and Trilon B produced well defined anodic peaks, with peak height linear over…
The study examines the kinetics of reactions between propylene oxide and substituted nitrocarbazoles in alkaline ethanol, extending earlier work on 3-nitrocarbazole. Using photometric monitoring of unreacted nitrocarbazole, the authors measured effective rate constants and activation parameters for …
Industrial trials were conducted to evaluate an autoclave alkaline process for removing impurities from Krivoy Rog iron ore using concentrated sodium hydroxide solution. In a 1000 liter autoclave operated at about 138 to 141.5 °C for two hours, silicon oxide extraction exceeded 98%, and accompanying…
This study examines the purification of Olenegorsk magnetite iron ore concentrates by autoclave alkaline leaching with sodium hydroxide, aiming to reduce silica and other impurities to levels suitable for high grade iron powder and battery applications. Laboratory experiments varied leaching time, t…
This study examines how preparation conditions and oxide additives affect the sorption capacity of magnesium oxide for carbon dioxide and water vapor. Magnesium oxide samples were produced by thermal vacuum decomposition of basic magnesium carbonates prepared from different salts and precipitants, t…
This paper presents a simple method for finding extreme values of second order quality indicator functions arising in chemical technological process optimization with box constraints on two or three input variables. The proposed algorithm classifies the quadratic response surface using Sylvester cri…
This study examines the chemisorption of carbon monoxide on oxidized and hydrogen-reduced surfaces of an industrial iron-chromium catalyst using infrared spectroscopy, with phase characterization by X-ray structural analysis and gamma-resonance spectroscopy. On the oxidized hematite surface, CO adso…
The paper proposes an indirect stripping polarographic method for determining microquantities of chromium(III) by simultaneous electrodeposition with nickel on a graphite electrode. After examining chromium(III) reduction in several supporting electrolytes, the authors select 1 M potassium thiocyana…
This paper develops a parametric theory for the mutual influence of elements in film stripping polarography with accumulation on solid electrodes. The authors incorporate effects at the preconcentration and anodic oxidation stages by combining parameters for depletion, active electrode surface, and …
A series of amino derivatives of 9-substituted carbazoles was synthesized and examined to determine how substituent structure affects basicity. Apparent ionization constants were measured by potentiometric titration at the half-neutralization point in 20 percent ethanol at 25 degrees Celsius, using …
This study examines how heating affects the rheological behavior of structured bentonite pore suspensions relevant to the thermal stability of green granulates in adhesive granulation. Using an RV-8 rotational viscometer, the authors measured limiting shear stress, plastic viscosity, and a plasticit…
This paper presents a computational method for steady-state analysis of semiconductor circuits by separating nonlinear semiconductor elements from the remaining linear network. The linear part is treated as a multiport whose external variables are only the currents and voltages associated with nonli…
This paper studies the electron injection beamline of a 1.5 GeV synchrotron with multi-turn injection, focusing on matching the microtron beam emittance to the synchrotron admittance while accounting for losses at the electrostatic inflector. Using mathematical modeling on an analog computer with a …
This paper examines whether chemical technology processes can be modeled directly on analog computers by representing their variables as vertices of directed graphs. Building on graph isomorphism principles for physical systems, it formulates graph representations for heat and mass exchangers, using…
This paper proposes a piezoelectric method for measuring mechanical pressure that extends conventional piezoelectric sensing from dynamic pressures to low-frequency and static pressures. The method uses a piezoceramic element with two electrode systems, in which one side is excited by an alternating…
This paper examines multichannel stabilized DC voltage converters in which separate output filter chokes are replaced by a single multiwinding smoothing choke. It presents a calculation procedure for the common choke, including stored energy, winding turns, inductance, air gap, and distribution of o…
This paper addresses the synthesis of time-optimal control for a double-integrator-type plant with bounded relay control, actuator inertia, and incomplete observability, where the controlled coordinate is inferred through a first-order measuring element. After reducing the system to transformed phas…
This paper addresses the choice of a quantization period for centralized monitoring of emergency parameters when statistical information about the monitored process is limited. Modeling the parameter as a stationary random process with a specified Gaussian-type correlation function, the authors use …
This paper addresses the problem of choosing a fixed cyclic order for polling multiple parameters with distinct static characteristics when the commutator has limited switching speed. It formulates optimality through a quadratic criterion measuring relative instability of quantization intervals, not…
This paper addresses the problem of reducing quantization error in centralized monitoring systems where many parameters must be polled at different frequencies by a commutator and processed by a computer. It proposes a method for assigning parameters to commutator positions so that polling intervals…
The paper addresses pulse overlap in high-density digital magnetic recording, where the reproduced readout pulse can exceed the bit period and thereby distort amplitude and timing. It proposes synthesizing a linear time-function filter that compresses readout pulses by using spectral regions for ens…
The paper addresses the hardware realization of signal analysis in orthogonal function systems other than the trigonometric Fourier basis, focusing on the lack of engineering designs for Walsh spectrum analyzers. It uses the properties of Walsh functions, especially their binary structure and values…
The paper proposes a digital simulation principle for evaluating urban street traffic control strategies, motivated by the cost and limited transferability of natural experiments on real networks. It argues for a macroscopic representation of traffic flows by density, supplemented with statistical d…
The paper proposes a simple control method for reversible binary counters based on a property of their transition table: during correct addition or subtraction by one, exactly one counter digit undergoes the characteristic transition from 0 to 1 or from 1 to 0. The described circuit adds a control f…
This paper addresses arithmetic unit design for specialized computing devices in automatic control systems that operate with 8421 binary-coded decimal representation. It describes a serial binary-coded decimal adder-subtractor that avoids the separate formation of the decimal complement during subtr…
The paper examines possible circuit schemes for binary shift registers built from static flip-flops, focusing on one-position shifts as the basic case for more general shifts. It compares single-cycle and two-cycle implementations, including circuits using quenching, paraphase transmission, counting…
This paper examines methods for resetting electronic digital computer units, including shift registers, counters, and adders, to the zero state when carry signals may otherwise alter adjacent digits during the reset transient. It reviews three existing classes of counter reset methods, indirect rese…
This paper examines time variation in vowel formant frequencies and its implications for speech signal analysis. Treating vowel spectra as sums of formant components with amplitude and frequency modulation, the authors measure instantaneous frequency distributions by filtering vowel signals, clippin…
This paper describes a simple intonometer for extracting and measuring the fundamental frequency of clipped speech signals, a task for which existing non-correlation devices were considered inadequate. The proposed instrument derives an envelope related to the speech signal’s instantaneous frequency…
This paper examines whether artificial larynx devices can be used as experimental tools in speech research, rather than only as prosthetic aids. Using the acoustic theory of speech production, it argues that artificial larynx excitation offers constant fundamental frequency and a stable excitation s…
This paper addresses the extraction of amplitude envelope and phase functions from broadband signals, for which direct amplitude and phase detection is unsuitable because the spectra of the corresponding envelopes overlap. It proposes first translating the signal spectrum to a high-frequency region …
This paper addresses automatic discrimination of a limited speech command set, focusing on the words “start” and “stop.” It identifies speaker-invariant differential features based on the presence of voiced and noise segments and, especially, the time interval between the beginning of the speech sig…
This paper describes an instrument for analyzing the distribution of time intervals between zero crossings in clipped speech, motivated by the use of such distributions in automatic speech recognition. The authors present a two channel analyzer that separately processes positive and negative rectang…
